---
title: He had known of such things before, and a cold shiver ran through hi… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He had known of such things before, and a cold shiver ran through him; but with an effort he kept silent from further questioning, and only said: Who acts: cold shiver, portrait. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 23, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 23, sentence 54

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He had known of such things before, and a cold shiver ran through him; but with an effort he kept silent from further questioning, and only said:

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**Who acts:** cold shiver, portrait · **What happens:** know, run, keep, say · **To what, where:** portrait, further questioning · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cold shiver, portrait), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:23:54
# text = He had known of such things before, and a cold shiver ran through him; but with an effort he kept silent from further questioning, and only said:
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	before	before	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	shiver	shiver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	through	through	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
23	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	xcomp	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	further	further	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	questioning	questioning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	only	only	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past · perfect · passive |  | portrait |  |  |  | of such things; before *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **run** | past | a cold shiver |  |  |  |  | through portrait | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through he=Trajectory |
| 3 | **keep** | past | portrait |  |  | further questioning |  | with a effort; silent *property* | vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer from questioning=Eventuality |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | portrait *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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