---
title: Once upon a time there was king who, one day out hunting, came upon… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Once upon a time there was king who, one day out hunting, came upon a fakeer in a lonely place in the mountains. Who acts: king. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 3, sentence 21

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Once upon a time there was king who, one day out hunting, came upon a fakeer in a lonely place in the mountains.

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**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** be, hunt, come · **To what, where:** fakeer

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:3:21
# text = Once upon a time there was king who, one day out hunting, came upon a fakeer in a lonely place in the mountains.
1	Once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	_
12	out	out	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	hunting	hunt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
15	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	fakeer	fakeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	lonely	lonely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | king |  |  | there |  | once *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hunt** | gerund | king *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **come** | past | king |  |  | a fakeer in a lonely place in the mountains | day |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon fakeer=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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