---
title: 'We can never jump those wide spaces if we are burdened with food,'… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: 'We can never jump those wide spaces if we are burdened with food,' said Gudu, 'we must throw it into the river, unless we wish to fall in ourselves.' Who acts: We, Gudu. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 3, sentence 77

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'We can never jump those wide spaces if we are burdened with food,' said Gudu, 'we must throw it into the river, unless we wish to fall in ourselves.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, Gudu · **What happens:** not jump, burden, say, throw, wish, fall · **To what, where:** wide spaces, we, food, river · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, Gudu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:3:77
# text = 'We can never jump those wide spaces if we are burdened with food,' said Gudu, 'we must throw it into the river, unless we wish to fall in ourselves.'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	jump	jump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	ccomp	_	_
6	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
7	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	spaces	space	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	Gudu	Gudu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	throw	throw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	ccomp	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	wish	wish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	xcomp	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	ourselves	ourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **jump** | can | We | that wide spaces |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme space=Trajectory |
| 2 | **burden** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | we |  |  |  | with food | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: subject=Recipient with food=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gudu |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **throw** | must | we | food |  |  |  | into the river *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer it=Theme into river=Result |
| 5 | **wish** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 6 | **fall** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in ourselves | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in ourselves=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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