---
title: Now Gorla of the Flocks and his wife were full of grief that they ha… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Now Gorla of the Flocks and his wife were full of grief that they had lost a son as well as a daughter, for no tidings had come to them of Ardan their eldest born. Who acts: Gorla, Flocks, tidings. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 30, sentence 35

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now Gorla of the Flocks and his wife were full of grief that they had lost a son as well as a daughter, for no tidings had come to them of Ardan their eldest born.

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**Who acts:** Gorla, Flocks, tidings · **What happens:** be, lose, come, bear · **To what, where:** son, Flocks

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gorla, Flocks, tidings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:30:35
# text = Now Gorla of the Flocks and his wife were full of grief that they had lost a son as well as a daughter, for no tidings had come to them of Ardan their eldest born.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
2	Gorla	Gorla	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Flocks	Flock	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	parataxis	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	23	cc	_	_
20	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	19	fixed	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
26	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	27	det	_	_
27	tidings	tiding	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
28	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Ardan	Ardan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
34	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	eldest	eld	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	33	nmod	_	_
36	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Gorla of the Flocks and man's wife |  |  |  | now | of grief; full *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | past · perfect | Flocks *= flock* | a son |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Eventuality |
| 3 | **come** | past · perfect | no tidings |  | Flocks *= flock* |  |  | of Ardan  Flocks's eldest | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to they=Initial\_Location of ardan=Destination |
| 4 | **bear** | participle | no tidings *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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