---
title: Then came the black raven of Corri- nan-creag, whose eyes never clos… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Then came the black raven of Corri- nan-creag, whose eyes never closed, and whose wings never tired; and he fluttered before the face of Covan and told him that he knew of a cranny in the rock where there was food in plenty, and soft moss for a bed. Who acts: black raven, raven. A sentence of «The O
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 30, sentence 98

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then came the black raven of Corri- nan-creag, whose eyes never closed, and whose wings never tired; and he fluttered before the face of Covan and told him that he knew of a cranny in the rock where there was food in plenty, and soft moss for a bed.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** black raven, raven · **What happens:** come, not close, flutter, tell, know · **To what, where:** eyes, face, raven, rock · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (black raven, raven), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:30:98
# text = Then came the black raven of Corri- nan-creag, whose eyes never closed, and whose wings never tired; and he fluttered before the face of Covan and told him that he knew of a cranny in the rock where there was food in plenty, and soft moss for a bed.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	Corri	Corri	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	_
9	nan	nan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	creag	creag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	appos	_	_
15	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
21	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
22	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	fluttered	flutter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
27	before	before	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Covan	Covan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
34	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	iobj	_	_
35	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
36	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	advcl	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	cranny	cranny	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
44	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	46	advmod	_	_
45	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	46	expl	_	_
46	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	acl:relcl	_	_
47	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	_
48	in	in	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	plenty	plenty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
52	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	53	amod	_	_
53	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
54	for	for	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the black raven of Corri nan creag |  |  |  | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **close** | participle |  | Corri nan creag's eyes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **flutter** | past | raven |  |  | the face of Covan |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before face=Location |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the black raven of Corri nan creag *not said here* |  | raven |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 5 | **know** | past | raven |  |  | the rock |  | of a cranny | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of cranny=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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