---
title: You gave food to the raven when it hungered, you were true to the pr… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: You gave food to the raven when it hungered, you were true to the promise you had made to me, and did not suffer yourself to be turned aside by vain shows. Who acts: You, food, vain shows. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 31, sentence 52

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You gave food to the raven when it hungered, you were true to the promise you had made to me, and did not suffer yourself to be turned aside by vain shows.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** You, food, vain shows · **What happens:** give, hunger, be, make, not suffer, turn · **To what, where:** food, raven, promise, me, yourself

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, food, vain shows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:31:52
# text = You gave food to the raven when it hungered, you were true to the promise you had made to me, and did not suffer yourself to be turned aside by vain shows.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	hungered	hunger	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	ccomp	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
26	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
27	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	26	obj	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	advcl	_	_
31	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
32	by	by	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	shows	show	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | You | food | the raven |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent food=Theme to raven=Recipient |
| 2 | **hunger** | past | food |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | past | you |  |  |  |  | to the promise; true *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | past · perfect | you | the promise *not said here* | me |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Product |
| 5 | **not** **suffer** | past · do-support | You *not said here* | yourself |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer yourself=Stimulus |
| 6 | **turn** | to-infinitive · passive | vain shows |  |  |  |  | aside *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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