---
title: 'He died six months ago,' said the rich brother, 'and he left you, a… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: 'He died six months ago,' said the rich brother, 'and he left you, as your portion, the old wooden chest that stands in the loft. Who acts: father, rich brother, old wooden chest. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 31, sentence 72

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'He died six months ago,' said the rich brother, 'and he left you, as your portion, the old wooden chest that stands in the loft.

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**Who acts:** father, rich brother, old wooden chest · **What happens:** die, say, leave, stand · **To what, where:** you, loft · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, rich brother, old wooden chest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:31:72
# text = 'He died six months ago,' said the rich brother, 'and he left you, as your portion, the old wooden chest that stands in the loft.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
4	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
26	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
28	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
29	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	acl:relcl	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	loft	loft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | past | father |  |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the rich brother |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **leave** | past | father | you |  |  |  | as your portion | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 4 | **stand** | present | the old wooden chest |  |  | the loft |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in loft=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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