---
title: He had hoped for many months that the paper he had written had been… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He had hoped for many months that the paper he had written had been lost or destroyed, and, indeed, when he saw it, was very unwilling to pay what he owed. Who acts: debtor. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 31, sentence 83

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had hoped for many months that the paper he had written had been lost or destroyed, and, indeed, when he saw it, was very unwilling to pay what he owed.

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**Who acts:** debtor · **What happens:** hope, write, lose, destroy, see, be · **To what, where:** paper

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (debtor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:31:83
# text = He had hoped for many months that the paper he had written had been lost or destroyed, and, indeed, when he saw it, was very unwilling to pay what he owed.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	hoped	hope	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	advmod	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
29	very	very	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	unwilling	unwilling	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	xcomp	_	_
33	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	32	obj	_	_
34	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
35	owed	owe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hope** | past · perfect | debtor |  |  |  | month |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **write** | past · perfect | debtor | the paper *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Theme |
| 3 | **lose** | past · perfect · passive |  | the paper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **destroy** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **see** | past | debtor | paper |  |  |  | indeed *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 6 | **is** | past | debtor *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unwilling *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **pay** | to-infinitive | debtor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Asset |
| 8 | **owe** | past | debtor |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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