---
title: The had ridden many miles, and at last they came to a river, where t… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The had ridden many miles, and at last they came to a river, where they beheld a little fish lying gasping on the sand, and the horse said: Who acts: miles, little fish, horse. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 32, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 32, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The had ridden many miles, and at last they came to a river, where they beheld a little fish lying gasping on the sand, and the horse said:

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** miles, little fish, horse · **What happens:** ride, come, behold, lie, gasp, say · **To what, where:** many miles, last, little fish, sand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (miles, little fish, horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:32:12
# text = The had ridden many miles, and at last they came to a river, where they beheld a little fish lying gasping on the sand, and the horse said:
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	ridden	ride	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	31	ccomp	_	_
4	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	18	advmod	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	acl	_	_
23	gasping	gasp	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	xcomp	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past · perfect |  | many miles |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mile=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | past | miles *= mile* |  |  | last |  | to a river | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **behold** | past | miles *= mile* | a little fish |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fish=Stimulus |
| 4 | **lie** | gerund | a little fish *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **gasp** | gerund | a little fish *not said here* |  |  | the sand |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the horse |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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