---
title: A great deal of rain had fallen in the night, and the river, instead… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: A great deal of rain had fallen in the night, and the river, instead of being clear as it was before, was dark and troubled. Who acts: great deal, river. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 32, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 32, sentence 69

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A great deal of rain had fallen in the night, and the river, instead of being clear as it was before, was dark and troubled.

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**Who acts:** great deal, river · **What happens:** fall, be, deal · **To what, where:** rain

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great deal, river), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:32:69
# text = A great deal of rain had fallen in the night, and the river, instead of being clear as it was before, was dark and troubled.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	deal	deal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	cop	_	_
19	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	before	before	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	troubled	troubled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past · perfect | a great deal of rain |  |  |  | night |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | the river *not said here* |  |  |  |  | clear *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | river |  |  |  |  | before *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | the river |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | the river *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **deal** |  |  | rain |  |  |  |  | nom deal «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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