--- title: 'I know it,' answered the city swallow, 'because, one day, when I wa… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: 'I know it,' answered the city swallow, 'because, one day, when I was passing through the palace garden, I met a cuckoo, who, as I need not tell you, always pretends to be able to see into the future. Who acts: I, cuckoo. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 33, with i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/33/30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Orange Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/) / [Opening, part 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/33/) / 30 # The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 33, sentence 30 'I know it,' answered the city swallow, 'because, one day, when I was passing through the palace garden, I met a cuckoo, who, as I need not tell you, always pretends to be able to see into the future. **Who acts:** I, cuckoo · **What happens:** know, answer, pass, meet, not tell, pretend · **To what, where:** head, city swallow, palace garden, cuckoo, you, future · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, cuckoo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3027:33:30 # text = 'I know it,' answered the city swallow, 'because, one day, when I was passing through the palace garden, I met a cuckoo, who, as I need not tell you, always pretends to be able to see into the future. 1 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ 7 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 swallow swallow NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 13 because because SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 16 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 18 when when SCONJ WRB _ 21 mark _ _ 19 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 20 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 passing pass VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 16 acl _ _ 22 through through ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 palace palace NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 garden garden NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 met meet VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 advcl _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 cuckoo cuckoo NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 32 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 38 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 34 as as SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 35 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 36 need need AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 38 advmod _ _ 38 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 parataxis _ _ 39 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 38 iobj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 41 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 42 advmod _ _ 42 pretends pretend VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 advcl _ _ 43 to to PART TO _ 45 mark _ _ 44 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 45 cop _ _ 45 able able ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 xcomp _ _ 46 to to PART TO _ 47 mark _ _ 47 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 45 xcomp _ _ 48 into into ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 future future NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 51 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | present | I | head | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | | the city swallow | | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent swallow=Eventuality | | 3 | **pass** | past · progressive | I | | | the palace garden | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through garden=Location | | 4 | **meet** | past | I | a cuckoo | | | day | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cuckoo=Co-Agent | | 5 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | present | a cuckoo | | you | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient | | 6 | **pretend** | present | a cuckoo *not said here* | | | | | always *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **is** | to-infinitive | a cuckoo *not said here* | | | | | able *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **see** | to-infinitive | a cuckoo *not said here* | | | the future | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/33/29/) - next →: [sentence 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/33/31/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/33/)