---
title: The following spring Andras happened to be driving his reindeer alon… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The following spring Andras happened to be driving his reindeer along a great fiord to the west of Vadso. Who acts: following spring. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 36, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 36, sentence 83

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The following spring Andras happened to be driving his reindeer along a great fiord to the west of Vadso.

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**Who acts:** following spring · **What happens:** follow, happen, drive · **To what, where:** reindeer, great fiord

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (following spring), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:36:83
# text = The following spring Andras happened to be driving his reindeer along a great fiord to the west of Vadso.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	Andras	Andras	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
5	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux	_	_
8	driving	drive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	along	along	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	fiord	fiord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Vadso	Vadso	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **happen** | past | the following spring |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **drive** | to-infinitive · progressive | the following spring *not said here* | Andras's reindeer |  | a great fiord |  | to the west of Vadso | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent reindeer=Theme along fiord=Destination to west=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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