---
title: Both father and mother had died before the boy was six years old; an… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Both father and mother had died before the boy was six years old; and he had lived for many years with his uncle, whose life had been passed in the study of chemistry. Who acts: father, boy, Gilguerillo. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 38, with its dependency tree
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 38, sentence 30

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both father and mother had died before the boy was six years old; and he had lived for many years with his uncle, whose life had been passed in the study of chemistry.

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**Who acts:** father, boy, Gilguerillo · **What happens:** die, be, live, pass, study · **To what, where:** life, study, chemistry

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, boy, Gilguerillo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:38:30
# text = Both father and mother had died before the boy was six years old; and he had lived for many years with his uncle, whose life had been passed in the study of chemistry.
1	Both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc:preconj	_	_
2	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
13	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
26	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl:relcl	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | past · perfect | father and mother |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | past | the boy |  |  |  | year | old *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** | past · perfect | Gilguerillo |  |  |  | year | with Gilguerillo's uncle | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with uncle=Location |
| 4 | **pass** | past · perfect · passive |  | life |  | the study of chemistry |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme in study=Destination |
| 5 | **study** |  |  | chemistry |  |  |  |  | nom study «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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