--- title: When I say that the book declared that the balsam could heal every s… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: When I say that the book declared that the balsam could heal every sort of sore or wound, there were a few against which it was powerless, and it gave certain signs by which these might be known. Who acts: I, book, balsam, few. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 38, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/38/46/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Orange Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/) / [Opening, part 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/38/) / 46 # The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 38, sentence 46 When I say that the book declared that the balsam could heal every sort of sore or wound, there were a few against which it was powerless, and it gave certain signs by which these might be known. **Who acts:** I, book, balsam, few, certain signs · **What happens:** say, declare, heal, be, give, know · **To what, where:** sort, certain signs, these, sore · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, book, balsam, few), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3027:38:46 # text = When I say that the book declared that the balsam could heal every sort of sore or wound, there were a few against which it was powerless, and it gave certain signs by which these might be known. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 book book NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 7 declared declare VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 advcl _ _ 8 that that SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 balsam balsam NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 11 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 heal heal VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 13 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 14 det _ _ 14 sort sort NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 sore sore NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 or or CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 wound wound NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 20 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 21 expl _ _ 21 were be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 nsubj _ _ 24 against against ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 28 obl _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 28 powerless powerless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 33 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 signs sign NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 35 by by ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 40 obl _ _ 37 these this PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 40 nsubj:pass _ _ 38 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 39 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 40 aux:pass _ _ 40 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 34 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | I | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | the book | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **heal** | could | the balsam | every sort of sore or wound | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sort=Patient | | 4 | **be** | past | | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is** | past | a few | | | | | powerless *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **give** | past | balsam | certain signs | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Theme | | 7 | **know** | might · passive | certain signs | these | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus | | 8 | **sort** | | | sore or wound | | | | | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/38/45/) - next →: [sentence 47](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/38/47/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/38/)