--- title: The old man was rather afraid of getting into trouble, but his wife… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: The old man was rather afraid of getting into trouble, but his wife urged him to sell the dog as the boy had bidden him, so he took it up to the castle and sold it to the duke for ten dollars. Who acts: old man, wife, boy. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39, with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/39/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Orange Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/) / [Opening, part 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/39/) / 17 # The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 39, sentence 17 The old man was rather afraid of getting into trouble, but his wife urged him to sell the dog as the boy had bidden him, so he took it up to the castle and sold it to the duke for ten dollars. **Who acts:** old man, wife, boy · **What happens:** be, get, urge, sell, bid, take up · **To what, where:** trouble, man, dog, boy, castle, duke This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, wife, boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3027:39:17 # text = The old man was rather afraid of getting into trouble, but his wife urged him to sell the dog as the boy had bidden him, so he took it up to the castle and sold it to the duke for ten dollars. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 5 rather rather ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 afraid afraid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 7 of of SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 8 getting get VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 9 into into ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 trouble trouble NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 but but CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 urged urge VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 16 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 iobj _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 sell sell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 xcomp _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 as as SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj:pass _ _ 24 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 bidden bid VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 advcl _ _ 26 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ _ 32 up up ADP RP _ 30 compound:prt _ _ 33 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 castle castle NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 sold sell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 conj _ _ 38 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obj _ _ 39 to to ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 duke duke NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 42 for for ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 ten ten NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 44 nummod _ _ 44 dollars dollar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the old man | | | | | afraid *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **get** | gerund | the old man *not said here* | | | trouble | | | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into trouble=Destination | | 3 | **urge** | past | man's wife | | man | | | | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | | 4 | **sell** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | man's wife *not said here* | the dog | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme | | 5 | **bid** | past · perfect · passive | | the boy | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **take up** | past | boy | dog | | the castle | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to castle=Destination | | 7 | **sell** | past | boy *not said here* | dog | the duke | | | for ten dollars | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent it=Theme to duke=Recipient for dollar=Asset | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/39/16/) - next →: [sentence 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/39/18/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/39/)