---
title: Hans entered, half frightened at what he was doing, and the first th… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Hans entered, half frightened at what he was doing, and the first thing he beheld was a heap of bones. Who acts: Hans, he, first thing. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 39, sentence 2

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Hans entered, half frightened at what he was doing, and the first thing he beheld was a heap of bones.

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**Who acts:** Hans, he, first thing · **What happens:** enter, frighten, do, behold, be · **To what, where:** first thing, heap

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hans, he, first thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:39:2
# text = Hans entered, half frightened at what he was doing, and the first thing he beheld was a heap of bones.
1	Hans	han	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	half	half	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	5	advmod	_	_
5	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	obl	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	15	amod	_	_
15	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enter** | past | Hans |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **frighten** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | half *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **do** | past · progressive | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **behold** | past | he | the first thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus |
| 5 | **is a** | past | the first thing | a heap |  |  |  | of bones | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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