---
title: 'That was part of my duty,' replied the raven; 'but give it to me, a… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: 'That was part of my duty,' replied the raven; 'but give it to me, and I will prove a good friend to you.' Who acts: part, I. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 4, sentence 89

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'That was part of my duty,' replied the raven; 'but give it to me, and I will prove a good friend to you.'

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**Who acts:** part, I · **What happens:** be, reply, give, prove · **To what, where:** part, raven, me, good friend, you

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (part, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:4:89
# text = 'That was part of my duty,' replied the raven; 'but give it to me, and I will prove a good friend to you.'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	duty	duty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
10	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | that part |  |  |  | of my duty | tree rules |
| 2 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | that part | the raven |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent raven=Topic |
| 3 | **give** | infinitive | that part *not said here* | part | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to i=Recipient |
| 4 | **prove** | future | I | a good friend | you |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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