---
title: 'Stay with me for company,' begged Ian; but the raven shook his head… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: 'Stay with me for company,' begged Ian; but the raven shook his head, and flew away. Who acts: you, raven. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 5, sentence 120

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'Stay with me for company,' begged Ian; but the raven shook his head, and flew away.

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**Who acts:** you, raven · **What happens:** stay, beg, shake, fly away · **To what, where:** Ian, head

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, raven), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:5:120
# text = 'Stay with me for company,' begged Ian; but the raven shook his head, and flew away.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
9	begged	beg	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
10	Ian	Ian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
21	away	away	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with me; for company | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with i=Location |
| 2 | **beg** *speech: request* | participle | you *not said here* |  | Ian |  |  |  | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent ian=Recipient |
| 3 | **shake** | past | the raven | Ian's head |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent head=Patient |
| 4 | **fly away** | past | the raven *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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