---
title: Then he bade Ian take out a sharp knife from under his feathers, whi… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Then he bade Ian take out a sharp knife from under his feathers, which he carried with him for cutting berries, and Ian smote off the giant's head with it. Who acts: Ian. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 5, sentence 54

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Then he bade Ian take out a sharp knife from under his feathers, which he carried with him for cutting berries, and Ian smote off the giant's head with it.

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**Who acts:** Ian · **What happens:** bade, take out, carry, cut, smite · **To what, where:** sharp knife, feathers, berries

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:5:54
# text = Then he bade Ian take out a sharp knife from under his feathers, which he carried with him for cutting berries, and Ian smote off the giant's head with it.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bade	bade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Ian	Ian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	knife	knife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	under	under	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
21	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
22	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	Ian	Ian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
27	off	off	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	's	's	PART	POS	_	29	case	_	_
31	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
32	with	with	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bade** | past | Ian |  |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take out** | infinitive | Ian | a sharp knife |  | Ian's feathers |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent knife=Theme from feather=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **carry** | past | Ian | Ian's feathers |  |  |  | with giant | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 4 | **cut** | gerund | Ian *not said here* | berries |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset berry=Product |
| 5 | **smite** | past | Ian |  |  |  |  | off the giant's head; with knife | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with it=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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