---
title: 'Here is the cap,' said Ian drowsily, drawing it from under his pill… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: 'Here is the cap,' said Ian drowsily, drawing it from under his pillow. Who acts: cap. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 6, sentence 30

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'Here is the cap,' said Ian drowsily, drawing it from under his pillow.

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**Who acts:** cap · **What happens:** be, say, draw · **To what, where:** cap, pillow · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cap), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:6:30
# text = 'Here is the cap,' said Ian drowsily, drawing it from under his pillow.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cap	cap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Ian	Ian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
10	drowsily	drowsily	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	under	under	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	pillow	pillow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the cap |  |  |  |  | drowsily *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **draw** | gerund | the cap *not said here* | cap |  | Ian's pillow |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent it=Theme from pillow=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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