---
title: Ian Direach listened to the words of the fox, and he told a tale so… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Ian Direach listened to the words of the fox, and he told a tale so pitiful, that the king and queen, and the princess their daughter, all came out to hear it. Who acts: Ian, princess, king. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 7, sentence 110

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ian Direach listened to the words of the fox, and he told a tale so pitiful, that the king and queen, and the princess their daughter, all came out to hear it.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ian, princess, king · **What happens:** listen, tell, daughter, come out, hear, word · **To what, where:** tale, ship, fox · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ian, princess, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:7:110
# text = Ian Direach listened to the words of the fox, and he told a tale so pitiful, that the king and queen, and the princess their daughter, all came out to hear it.
1	Ian	Ian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Direach	Direach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	pitiful	pitiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	32	advmod	_	_
32	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
33	out	out	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	advcl	_	_
36	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | past | Ian |  |  |  |  | to the words of the fox | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to word=Theme |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Ian | a tale |  |  |  | pitiful *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tale=Recipient |
| 3 | **daughter** |  | the princess |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **come out** | past | the king and queen and king's daughter |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **hear** | to-infinitive | the king and queen and king's daughter *not said here* | ship |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 6 | **word** |  |  | the fox |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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