---
title: And when he had spoken, he led Ian Direach to the stable where stood… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And when he had spoken, he led Ian Direach to the stable where stood the bay colt. Who acts: kingdom. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 7, sentence 98

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And when he had spoken, he led Ian Direach to the stable where stood the bay colt.

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**Who acts:** kingdom · **What happens:** speak, lead, stand · **To what, where:** Ian, stable, bay colt · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kingdom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:7:98
# text = And when he had spoken, he led Ian Direach to the stable where stood the bay colt.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Ian	Ian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	Direach	Direach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	stable	stable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	15	advmod	_	_
15	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	bay	bay	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	colt	colt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · perfect | kingdom |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lead** | past | kingdom | Ian |  | the stable |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ian=Theme to stable=Destination |
| 3 | **stand** | past |  | the bay colt |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer colt=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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