---
title: It was summer in the land of Denmark, and though for most of the yea… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: It was summer in the land of Denmark, and though for most of the year the country looks flat and ugly, it was beautiful now. Who acts: Duckling, summer. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 8, sentence 60

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It was summer in the land of Denmark, and though for most of the year the country looks flat and ugly, it was beautiful now.

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**Who acts:** Duckling, summer · **What happens:** be, look · **To what, where:** summer, land

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duckling, summer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:8:60
# text = It was summer in the land of Denmark, and though for most of the year the country looks flat and ugly, it was beautiful now.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Denmark	Denmark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
11	though	though	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	19	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
20	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	xcomp	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	ugly	ugly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	_
27	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Duckling | summer |  | the land of Denmark |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | summer *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for most of the year; flat, though *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past | Duckling |  |  |  | now | beautiful *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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