---
title: And directly they saw him coming some of the younger ones swam out t… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And directly they saw him coming some of the younger ones swam out to meet him with cries of welcome, which again the duckling hardly understood. Who acts: syringas, some, welcome. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 9, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/9/111/)

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 9, sentence 111

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And directly they saw him coming some of the younger ones swam out to meet him with cries of welcome, which again the duckling hardly understood.

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**Who acts:** syringas, some, welcome · **What happens:** see, come, swim out, meet, understand, cry · **To what, where:** bird

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (syringas, some, welcome), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:9:111
# text = And directly they saw him coming some of the younger ones swam out to meet him with cries of welcome, which again the duckling hardly understood.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	ccomp	_	_
7	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	out	out	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	cries	cry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
23	again	again	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	duckling	duckling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | syringas *= syringa* | bird |  |  |  | directly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 2 | **come** | gerund | some *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **swim out** | past | some |  |  |  |  | out *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **meet** | to-infinitive | some *not said here* | bird |  |  |  | with cries of welcome | vn satisfy-55.7 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Theme with cry=Instrument |
| 5 | **understand** | past | welcome |  |  |  | again | hardly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **cry** |  | welcome |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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