---
title: The duckling grew cold with terror, and tried to hide his head benea… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The duckling grew cold with terror, and tried to hide his head beneath his little wings; but the dog snuffed at him and passed on, and he was able to reach his place of shelter. Who acts: duckling, dog. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 9, with its dependency tree a
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 9, sentence 41

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The duckling grew cold with terror, and tried to hide his head beneath his little wings; but the dog snuffed at him and passed on, and he was able to reach his place of shelter.

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**Who acts:** duckling, dog · **What happens:** grow, try, hide, snuff, pass on, be · **To what, where:** head, little wings, place

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (duckling, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:9:41
# text = The duckling grew cold with terror, and tried to hide his head beneath his little wings; but the dog snuffed at him and passed on, and he was able to reach his place of shelter.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	duckling	duckling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	terror	terror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	tried	try	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	snuffed	snuff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	conj	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
32	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
33	to	to	PART	TO	_	34	mark	_	_
34	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	xcomp	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the duckling |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **try** | past | the duckling *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **hide** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the duckling *not said here* | firing's head |  | firing's little wings |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent head=Patient beneath wing=Location |
| 4 | **snuff** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | at firing | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **pass on** | participle | the dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is** | past | dog |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **reach** | to-infinitive | dog *not said here* | firing's place of shelter |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent place=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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