---
title: At every little noise—the falling of a leaf, the rustle of an animal… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: At every little noise—the falling of a leaf, the rustle of an animal in the bushes, the cry of a night-bird—he sprang up and cocked his pistol in the direction of the sound. Who acts: manner, animal, night bird. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 11, with
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 11, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At every little noise—the falling of a leaf, the rustle of an animal in the bushes, the cry of a night-bird—he sprang up and cocked his pistol in the direction of the sound.

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**Who acts:** manner, animal, night bird · **What happens:** spring up, cock, rustle, cry · **To what, where:** little noise, pistol

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (manner, animal, night bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:11:12
# text = At every little noise—the falling of a leaf, the rustle of an animal in the bushes, the cry of a night-bird—he sprang up and cocked his pistol in the direction of the sound.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	falling	falling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	rustle	rustle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	sprang	spring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
31	up	up	ADP	RP	_	30	compound:prt	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	cocked	cock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
34	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	pistol	pistol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
36	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spring up** | past | manner |  |  | every little noise |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at noise=Location |
| 2 | **cock** | past | manner *not said here* | manner's pistol |  |  |  | in the direction of the sound | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent pistol=Patient in direction=Topic |
| 3 | **rustle** |  | a animal in the bushes |  |  |  |  |  | nom rustle «event intransitive»: of=agent |
| 4 | **cry** |  | a night bird |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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