---
title: In a very cold country, far across the seas, where ice and snow cove… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: In a very cold country, far across the seas, where ice and snow cover the ground for many months in the year, there lived a little hare, who, as his father and mother were both dead, was brought up by his grandmother. Who acts: ice, little hare, grandmother. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by A
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 11, sentence 41

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In a very cold country, far across the seas, where ice and snow cover the ground for many months in the year, there lived a little hare, who, as his father and mother were both dead, was brought up by his grandmother.

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**Who acts:** ice, little hare, grandmother · **What happens:** cover, live, be, bring up · **To what, where:** ground, little hare, cold country

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ice, little hare, grandmother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:11:41
# text = In a very cold country, far across the seas, where ice and snow cover the ground for many months in the year, there lived a little hare, who, as his father and mother were both dead, was brought up by his grandmother.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
8	across	across	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	16	advmod	_	_
13	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	cover	cover	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
26	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	27	expl	_	_
27	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
32	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	41	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
34	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	_
39	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
40	both	both	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
43	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	aux:pass	_	_
44	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	conj	_	_
45	up	up	ADP	RP	_	44	compound:prt	_	_
46	by	by	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present | ice and snow | the ground |  |  | month; year |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ground=Destination |
| 2 | **live** | past |  | a little hare |  | a cold country across the seas; there |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme hare=Location |
| 3 | **is** | past | a little hare |  |  |  |  | both, dead *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **bring up** | past · passive | Hare's grandmother |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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