---
title: They lifted their heads, wondering who was out so early, and when th… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: They lifted their heads, wondering who was out so early, and when they caught sight of Thakane, they sang: Who acts: father. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15, sentence 102

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They lifted their heads, wondering who was out so early, and when they caught sight of Thakane, they sang:

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**Who acts:** father · **What happens:** lift, wonder, be, catch, sing, sight · **To what, where:** heads, sight, Thakane · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:15:102
# text = They lifted their heads, wondering who was out so early, and when they caught sight of Thakane, they sang:
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	wondering	wonder	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	advcl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	out	out	ADV	RB	_	6	ccomp	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
14	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	16	mark	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
17	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Thakane	Thakane	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | past | father | father's heads |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme |
| 2 | **wonder** *speech: ask* | gerund | father *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | early, out *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **catch** | past | father | sight of Thakane |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sight=Theme |
| 5 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | father |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **sight** |  |  | Thakane |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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