---
title: By this time it was nearly dark, and the father said they could trav… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: By this time it was nearly dark, and the father said they could travel no further that night, and must go to sleep where they were. Who acts: hut, father. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/15/98/)

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15, sentence 98

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By this time it was nearly dark, and the father said they could travel no further that night, and must go to sleep where they were.

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**Who acts:** hut, father · **What happens:** be, say, travel, go, sleep · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hut, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:15:98
# text = By this time it was nearly dark, and the father said they could travel no further that night, and must go to sleep where they were.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
16	no	no	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	further	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	15	advmod	_	_
18	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	28	advmod	_	_
27	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | hut |  |  |  | time | dark, nearly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the father |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **travel** | could | father |  |  |  | night | far *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **go** | must | hut *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | hut *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **be** | past | father |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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