---
title: He wondered what had become of the youth, who an hour before had gua… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He wondered what had become of the youth, who an hour before had guarded his treasure so fiercely; but, after all, that was no affair of his! Who acts: Knight, youth, hour, all. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 18, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 18, sentence 86

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wondered what had become of the youth, who an hour before had guarded his treasure so fiercely; but, after all, that was no affair of his!

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Knight, youth, hour, all · **What happens:** wonder, become, hour, guard, be, treasure · **To what, where:** youth, treasure, affair · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Knight, youth, hour, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:18:86
# text = He wondered what had become of the youth, who an hour before had guarded his treasure so fiercely; but, after all, that was no affair of his!
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wondered	wonder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
13	before	before	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	guarded	guard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	treasure	treasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	fiercely	fiercely	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
21	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	after	after	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	29	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	obj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
28	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	29	det	_	_
29	affair	affair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wonder** *speech: ask* | past | Knight |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **become** | past · perfect |  | the youth |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **hour** |  | the youth |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **guard** | past · perfect | a hour *not said here* | Knight's treasure |  |  |  | before, fiercely *property* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent treasure=Beneficiary |
| 5 | **is a** | past | all | no affair |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **treasure** |  | Knight |  |  |  |  |  | nom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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