---
title: “Wretched idiots!” cried Kabo; “Pivi was a scoundrel who broke my le… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: “Wretched idiots!” cried Kabo; “Pivi was a scoundrel who broke my leg, and knocked me into the river.” Who acts: Wretched idiots, Pivi, scoundrel. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 19, sentence 144

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Wretched idiots!” cried Kabo; “Pivi was a scoundrel who broke my leg, and knocked me into the river.”

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**Who acts:** Wretched idiots, Pivi, scoundrel · **What happens:** cry, be, break, knock · **To what, where:** scoundrel, leg, Wretched idiots, river · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wretched idiots, Pivi, scoundrel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:19:144
# text = “Wretched idiots!” cried Kabo; “Pivi was a scoundrel who broke my leg, and knocked me into the river.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Wretched	wretched	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	idiots	idiot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Kabo	Kabo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Pivi	Pivi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	scoundrel	scoundrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	knocked	knock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
21	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	into	into	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | Wretched idiots |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | Pivi | a scoundrel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **break** *in a quote* | past | a scoundrel | my leg |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer leg=Patient |
| 4 | **knock** *in a quote* | past | Wretched idiots *not said here* | Wretched idiots *= idiot* |  | the river |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent i=Theme into river=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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