--- title: He was very poor, having only his axe to depend upon, and two mules… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: He was very poor, having only his axe to depend upon, and two mules to carry the wood he cut to the neighbouring town; but he worked hard, and was always out of bed by five o’clock, summer and winter. Who acts: Lapplandische. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/21/66/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Brown Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/) / [The Brown Fairy Book, part 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/21/) / 66 # The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 21, sentence 66 He was very poor, having only his axe to depend upon, and two mules to carry the wood he cut to the neighbouring town; but he worked hard, and was always out of bed by five o’clock, summer and winter. **Who acts:** Lapplandische · **What happens:** be, have, depend, carry, cut, neighbour · **To what, where:** axe, wood, bed This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lapplandische), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3282:21:66 # text = He was very poor, having only his axe to depend upon, and two mules to carry the wood he cut to the neighbouring town; but he worked hard, and was always out of bed by five o’clock, summer and winter. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 very very ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 having have VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 7 only only ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 8 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 axe axe NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 depend depend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 advcl _ _ 12 upon upon ADP IN _ 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 16 mules mule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 carry carry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 acl _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 cut cut VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 neighbouring neighbour VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 26 amod _ _ 26 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 27 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 but but CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 worked work VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 31 hard hard ADV RB Degree=Pos 30 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 34 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 cop _ _ 35 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 38 advmod _ _ 36 out out ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 bed bed NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 39 by by ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 41 nummod _ _ 41 o’clock o'clock NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 43 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 conj _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | Lapplandische | | | | | two mules *obl*; poor *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **have** | gerund | Lapplandische *not said here* | Lapplandische's axe | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent axe=Patient | | 3 | **depend** | to-infinitive | Lapplandische *not said here* | | | | | | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **carry** | to-infinitive | Lapplandische *not said here* | the wood | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wood=Theme | | 5 | **cut** | past | Lapplandische | the wood *not said here* | | | | to the neighbouring town *result* | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent wood=Patient to town=Result | | 6 | **neighbour** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **work** | past | Lapplandische | | | | | by five o’clock and summer and winter; hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is** | past | | | | bed | | always *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 65](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/21/65/) - next →: [sentence 67](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/21/67/) - ↑ back to [The Brown Fairy Book, part 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/21/)