--- title: He knew a great many short cuts across the hills, so it was not long… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: He knew a great many short cuts across the hills, so it was not long before he came up with them, and all four travelled night and day till they reached the castle of the Sister of the Sun. What joy and feasting there was throughout the palace at the sight of the princess whom they had mourned as de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/23/70/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Brown Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/) / [The Brown Fairy Book, part 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/23/) / 70 # The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 23, sentence 70 He knew a great many short cuts across the hills, so it was not long before he came up with them, and all four travelled night and day till they reached the castle of the Sister of the Sun. What joy and feasting there was throughout the palace at the sight of the princess whom they had mourned as dead! and they could not make enough of the boy who had gone through such dangers in order to rescue her. **Who acts:** giant, bow, four, cuts, Sun., joy · **What happens:** know, not be, come up, travel, reach, be · **To what, where:** great many short cuts, hills, castle, sight, princess, enough This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giant, bow, four, cuts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3282:23:70 # text = He knew a great many short cuts across the hills, so it was not long before he came up with them, and all four travelled night and day till they reached the castle of the Sister of the Sun. What joy and feasting there was throughout the palace at the sight of the princess whom they had mourned as dead! and they could not make enough of the boy who had gone through such dangers in order to rescue her. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 4 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 5 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 6 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 cuts cut NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 8 across across ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 hills hill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 so so ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 15 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 16 advmod _ _ 16 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod _ _ 17 before before SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 18 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 20 up up ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 21 with with ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 25 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 26 det _ _ 26 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nsubj _ _ 27 travelled travel VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 28 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 31 till till SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 32 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 reached reach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 castle castle NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 Sister sister NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 Sun. Sunday PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 42 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 50 nsubj _ _ 43 joy joy NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 feasting feasting NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 conj _ _ 46 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 47 expl _ _ 47 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 50 cop _ _ 48 throughout throughout ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 palace palace NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 appos _ _ 51 at at ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nmod _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 56 princess princess NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 nmod _ _ 57 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 60 obj _ _ 58 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 60 nsubj _ _ 59 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 60 aux _ _ 60 mourned mourn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 56 acl:relcl _ _ 61 as as ADP IN _ 62 case _ _ 62 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 60 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 63 ! ! PUNCT . _ 50 punct _ _ 64 and and CCONJ CC _ 68 cc _ _ 65 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 68 nsubj _ _ 66 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 68 aux _ _ 67 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 68 advmod _ _ 68 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 conj _ _ 69 enough enough ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 68 obj _ _ 70 of of ADP IN _ 72 case _ _ 71 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 72 det _ _ 72 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 69 obl _ _ 73 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 75 nsubj _ _ 74 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 75 aux _ _ 75 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 72 acl:relcl _ _ 76 through through ADP IN _ 78 case _ _ 77 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 78 amod _ _ 78 dangers danger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 75 obl _ _ 79 in in SCONJ IN ExtPos=SCONJ 82 mark _ _ 80 order order NOUN NN Number=Sing 79 fixed _ _ 81 to to PART TO _ 82 mark _ _ 82 rescue rescue VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 75 advcl _ _ 83 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 82 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 84 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | past | giant | a great many short cuts | | the hills | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer cut=Stimulus | | 2 | **not** **is** | past | bow | | | | | long *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **come up** | past | giant | | | | | with hills *= hill* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **travel** | past | all four | | | | night | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **reach** | past | cuts *= cut* | the castle of the Sister of the Sun. | | | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent castle=Theme | | 6 | **is** | past | the Sun. | | | the sight of the princess | throughout the palace | | tree rules | | 7 | **mourn** | past · perfect | joy | the princess | | | | as dead | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus | | 8 | **not** **make** | could | joy | enough | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset enough=Product | | 9 | **go** | past · perfect | the boy | | | such dangers | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through danger=Initial\_Location | | 10 | **rescue** | to-infinitive | the boy *not said here* | Sister | | | | | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme | | 11 | **sight** | | | the princess | | | | | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 69](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/23/69/) - next →: [sentence 71](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/23/71/) - ↑ back to [The Brown Fairy Book, part 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/23/)