---
title: A black horse was waiting for him, tied to a tree, and he mounted an… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: A black horse was waiting for him, tied to a tree, and he mounted and rode away wherever his fancy took him, the dog always at his heels. Who acts: black horse, horse, fancy, king. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 25, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 25, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A black horse was waiting for him, tied to a tree, and he mounted and rode away wherever his fancy took him, the dog always at his heels.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** black horse, horse, fancy, king · **What happens:** wait, tie, mount, ride away, take, fancy · **To what, where:** king

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (black horse, horse, fancy, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:25:20
# text = A black horse was waiting for him, tied to a tree, and he mounted and rode away wherever his fancy took him, the dog always at his heels.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	mounted	mount	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
19	away	away	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	wherever	wherever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	fancy	fancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
28	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	31	advmod	_	_
29	at	at	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	heels	heel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past · progressive | a black horse |  |  |  |  | for king | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **tie** | participle | a black horse *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to a tree | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to tree=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **mount** | past | horse |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **ride away** | past | horse *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **take** | past | king's fancy | king |  |  |  | wherever *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Theme dog=Destination |
| 6 | **fancy** |  | king |  |  |  |  |  | nom fancy «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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