---
title: He said to himself, “Thank heaven that the Lady Latifa has changed m… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He said to himself, “Thank heaven that the Lady Latifa has changed me into this shape, for at least deer are beautiful.” Who acts: prince, Lady Latifa, least deer. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 3, sentence 40

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He said to himself, “Thank heaven that the Lady Latifa has changed me into this shape, for at least deer are beautiful.”

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**Who acts:** prince, Lady Latifa, least deer · **What happens:** say, thank, change, be · **To what, where:** prince, heaven, shape · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, Lady Latifa, least deer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:3:40
# text = He said to himself, “Thank heaven that the Lady Latifa has changed me into this shape, for at least deer are beautiful.”
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
8	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Lady	Lady	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Latifa	Latifa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	_
15	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	23	amod	_	_
23	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | prince |  | prince |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **thank** *speech: thank* *in a quote* | present | the Lady Latifa *not said here* | heaven |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heaven=Theme |
| 3 | **change** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the Lady Latifa | prince |  |  |  | into this shape *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent i=Patient into shape=Result |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | least deer |  |  |  |  | beautiful *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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