---
title: Long, long ago, in the days when fairies, witches, giants and ogres… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Long, long ago, in the days when fairies, witches, giants and ogres still visited the earth, there lived a king who reigned over a great and beautiful country. Who acts: Long days, king. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 30, with its dependency tree and 
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 30, sentence 23

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Long, long ago, in the days when fairies, witches, giants and ogres still visited the earth, there lived a king who reigned over a great and beautiful country.

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**Who acts:** Long days, king · **What happens:** visit, live, reign · **To what, where:** earth, king, great country

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Long days, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:30:23
# text = Long, long ago, in the days when fairies, witches, giants and ogres still visited the earth, there lived a king who reigned over a great and beautiful country.
1	Long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
4	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
9	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
10	fairies	fairy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	witches	witch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	giants	giant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	ogres	ogre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
17	still	still	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	23	expl	_	_
23	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
27	reigned	reign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	acl:relcl	_	_
28	over	over	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
30	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	conj	_	_
33	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | the Long days | the earth |  |  | still |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent earth=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **live** | past | the Long days *not said here* | a king |  | there |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme king=Location |
| 3 | **reign** | past | a king |  |  | a great country |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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