---
title: The dark woods were hewn down, and in their place appeared blossomin… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The dark woods were hewn down, and in their place appeared blossoming orchards surrounding cosy-looking thatched cottages; from every chimney the blue smoke curled peacefully into the air, sheep and oxen fed in the flowery meadows, while from the shade of the hedges came the music of the shepherd’s 
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 30, sentence 99

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dark woods were hewn down, and in their place appeared blossoming orchards surrounding cosy-looking thatched cottages; from every chimney the blue smoke curled peacefully into the air, sheep and oxen fed in the flowery meadows, while from the shade of the hedges came the music of the shepherd’s pipe.

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**Who acts:** place, orchards, blue smoke · **What happens:** hewn down, appear, blossom, surround, look, thatch · **To what, where:** dark woods, chimney, orchards, looking thatched cottages, blue smoke, air

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (place, orchards, blue smoke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:30:99
# text = The dark woods were hewn down, and in their place appeared blossoming orchards surrounding cosy-looking thatched cottages; from every chimney the blue smoke curled peacefully into the air, sheep and oxen fed in the flowery meadows, while from the shade of the hedges came the music of the shepherd’s pipe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	hewn	hewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	blossoming	blossom	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	xcomp	_	_
14	orchards	orchard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
15	surrounding	surround	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
16	cosy	cosy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	amod	_	_
19	thatched	thatch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	cottages	cottage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	24	det	_	_
24	chimney	chimney	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	_
28	curled	curl	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl	_	_
29	peacefully	peacefully	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
30	into	into	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	conj	_	_
37	fed	feed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	acl	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	flowery	flowery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	meadows	meadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
43	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	50	mark	_	_
44	from	from	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	hedges	hedge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	_
50	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	acl:relcl	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obj	_	_
53	of	of	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	’s	's	PART	POS	_	55	case	_	_
57	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hewn down** | past · passive |  | the dark woods |  | every chimney |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **appear** | past | woods's place |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **blossom** | gerund | woods's place *not said here* | orchards |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location orchard=Theme |
| 4 | **surround** | gerund | orchards *not said here* | looking thatched cottages |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cottage=Co-Theme |
| 5 | **look** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 6 | **thatch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **curl** | participle |  | the blue smoke and sheep and oxen *not said here* |  | the air |  | peacefully *property* | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into air=Destination |
| 8 | **feed** | participle |  | sheep and oxen *not said here* |  | the flowery meadows |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in meadow=Location |
| 9 | **come** | past | the blue smoke and sheep and oxen *not said here* | the music of the shepherd's pipe |  | the shade of the hedges |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location music=Theme |
| 10 | **shade** |  |  | the hedges |  |  |  |  | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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