--- title: By this time spring once more reigned in the valley, and the gnome s… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: By this time spring once more reigned in the valley, and the gnome sent the fires back to their places in the deeps of the earth, for the roots which they had kept warm through all the cruel winter had now come to their full size. Who acts: gnome. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/32/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Brown Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/) / [The Brown Fairy Book, part 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/32/) / 1 # The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 32, sentence 1 By this time spring once more reigned in the valley, and the gnome sent the fires back to their places in the deeps of the earth, for the roots which they had kept warm through all the cruel winter had now come to their full size. **Who acts:** gnome · **What happens:** reign, send back, keep, come · **To what, where:** valley, fires, places, full size This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gnome), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3282:32:1 # text = By this time spring once more reigned in the valley, and the gnome sent the fires back to their places in the deeps of the earth, for the roots which they had kept warm through all the cruel winter had now come to their full size. 1 By by ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 det _ _ 3 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 5 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 7 advmod _ _ 6 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 7 advmod _ _ 7 reigned reign VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 gnome gnome NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 sent send VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 fires fire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 18 back back ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 deeps deep NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nmod _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 for for ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 32 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 obj _ _ 33 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj:pass _ _ 34 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 35 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 acl:relcl _ _ 36 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 xcomp _ _ 37 through through ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 38 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 41 det:predet _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 cruel cruel ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 42 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 43 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 44 advmod _ _ 44 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 35 conj _ _ 45 to to ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 46 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ _ 47 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 48 amod _ _ 48 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **reign** | participle | | | | the valley | spring | once *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **send back** | past | the gnome | the fires | | fires's places in the deeps of the earth | | for the roots | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent fire=Theme to place=Destination | | 3 | **keep** | past · perfect · passive | | fires *= fire* | | | | warm *property* | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme which=Attribute | | 4 | **come** | past · perfect | | | | fires's full size | now; winter | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to size=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [The Brown Fairy Book, part 31, 89](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/31/89/) - next →: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/32/2/) - ↑ back to [The Brown Fairy Book, part 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/32/)