--- title: He only earned by this five halfpence a day; but he was a simple old… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: He only earned by this five halfpence a day; but he was a simple old man, and needed so little out of it, that he saved up one halfpenny daily, and spent the rest upon such food and clothing as he required. Who acts: man. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Sim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/34/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Brown Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/) / [Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/34/) / 3 # The Brown Fairy Book, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 1, sentence 3 He only earned by this five halfpence a day; but he was a simple old man, and needed so little out of it, that he saved up one halfpenny daily, and spent the rest upon such food and clothing as he required. **Who acts:** man · **What happens:** earn, be, need, save up, spend, require · **To what, where:** simple old man, little, halfpence, one halfpenny, rest This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3282:34:3 # text = He only earned by this five halfpence a day; but he was a simple old man, and needed so little out of it, that he saved up one halfpenny daily, and spent the rest upon such food and clothing as he required. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 only only ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 earned earn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 7 det _ _ 6 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 halfpence halfpence NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 11 but but CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 12 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 13 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 15 simple simple ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 16 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 needed need VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 21 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 obj _ _ 23 out out ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 that that SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 28 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 saved save VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 30 up up ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ _ 31 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 halfpenny halfpenny NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 33 daily daily ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 spent spend VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 rest rest NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 upon upon ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 43 clothing clothing NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 conj _ _ 44 as as SCONJ IN _ 46 mark _ _ 45 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj _ _ 46 required require VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 47 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **earn** | past | man | | | | day | by this five halfpence | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | past | man | a simple old man | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **need** | past | | little | | halfpence | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot little=Theme | | 4 | **save up** | past | man | one halfpenny | | | | daily *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent halfpenny=Theme | | 5 | **spend** | past | man *not said here* | the rest | | | | upon such food and clothing | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rest=Asset | | 6 | **require** | past | man | | | | | | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/34/2/) - next →: [sentence 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/34/4/) - ↑ back to [Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/34/)