---
title: “In an hour’s time; I have some business to do first,” answered the… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: “In an hour’s time; I have some business to do first,” answered the tortoise. Who acts: tortoise. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 2, sentence 48

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“In an hour’s time; I have some business to do first,” answered the tortoise.

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**Who acts:** tortoise · **What happens:** have, do, answer · **To what, where:** business · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tortoise), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:35:48
# text = “In an hour’s time; I have some business to do first,” answered the tortoise.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	In	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	’s	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
10	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl	_	_
14	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
17	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	tortoise	tortoise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present | the tortoise *= tortoise* | some business |  |  | time |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent business=Patient |
| 2 | **do** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the tortoise *= tortoise* *not said here* | some business *not said here* |  |  |  | first *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the tortoise |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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