---
title: Never had the monkey been so near death, and it was some time before… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Never had the monkey been so near death, and it was some time before he recovered enough courage to venture on the ground again. Who acts: monkey, death, puma. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/36/40/)

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# The Brown Fairy Book, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 3, sentence 40

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never had the monkey been so near death, and it was some time before he recovered enough courage to venture on the ground again.

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**Who acts:** monkey, death, puma · **What happens:** not have, be, recover, venture · **To what, where:** death, time, enough courage, ground

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monkey, death, puma), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:36:40
# text = Never had the monkey been so near death, and it was some time before he recovered enough courage to venture on the ground again.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	near	near	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
15	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	recovered	recover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
18	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	venture	venture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	again	again	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | participle | the monkey |  |  | death |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | past | death | some time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **recover** | past | puma | enough courage |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Theme |
| 5 | **venture** | to-infinitive | puma *not said here* |  |  | the ground | again |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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