---
title: Peeping down to the earth, he saw a man coming along the path carryi… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Peeping down to the earth, he saw a man coming along the path carrying on his head a large gourd filled with honey. Who acts: puma, man, path. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 3, sentence 43

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peeping down to the earth, he saw a man coming along the path carrying on his head a large gourd filled with honey.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** puma, man, path · **What happens:** peep down, see, come, carry, fill · **To what, where:** man, path, large gourd, head

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (puma, man, path), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:36:43
# text = Peeping down to the earth, he saw a man coming along the path carrying on his head a large gourd filled with honey.
1	Peeping	peep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	advcl	_	_
2	down	down	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	along	along	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	gourd	gourd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
22	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	honey	honey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peep down** | gerund | puma *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the earth; down *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to earth=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | puma | a man |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus |
| 3 | **come** | gerund | a man *not said here* |  |  | the path |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme along path=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **carry** | gerund | the path *not said here* | a large gourd |  | puma's head |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gourd=Theme |
| 5 | **fill** | participle |  | a large gourd *not said here* |  |  |  | with honey | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with honey=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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