---
title: This garden was a favourite place for birds of all kinds, each hopin… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: This garden was a favourite place for birds of all kinds, each hoping to secure an orange for dinner, and in order to frighten the birds away and keep a little fruit for himself, the master had fastened a waxen figure on one of the boughs. Who acts: garden, each. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book»
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 3, sentence 71

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This garden was a favourite place for birds of all kinds, each hoping to secure an orange for dinner, and in order to frighten the birds away and keep a little fruit for himself, the master had fastened a waxen figure on one of the boughs.

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**Who acts:** garden, each · **What happens:** be, hope, secure, frighten away, keep, fasten · **To what, where:** favourite place, orange, birds, little fruit, master

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (garden, each), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:36:71
# text = This garden was a favourite place for birds of all kinds, each hoping to secure an orange for dinner, and in order to frighten the birds away and keep a little fruit for himself, the master had fastened a waxen figure on one of the boughs.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	nsubj	_	_
14	hoping	hope	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	secure	secure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	orange	orange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	in	in	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	26	mark	_	_
24	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	fixed	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	frighten	frighten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	away	away	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
35	for	for	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj:pass	_	_
40	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
41	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	advcl	_	_
42	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
43	waxen	waxen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	_
45	on	on	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	41	obl	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	boughs	bough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | this garden | a favourite place |  |  |  | for birds of all kinds | tree rules |
| 2 | **hope** | gerund | each |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **secure** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | each *not said here* | a orange |  |  |  | for dinner | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Precondition orange=Theme for dinner=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **frighten away** | to-infinitive |  | the birds |  |  |  | away *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bird=Experiencer |
| 5 | **keep** | infinitive |  | a little fruit |  |  |  | for bird | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme |
| 6 | **fasten** | past · perfect · passive |  | the master |  |  |  | on one of the boughs | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient figure=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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