---
title: By-and-by the puma saw a small snake with a beautiful shining skin,… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: By-and-by the puma saw a small snake with a beautiful shining skin, lying coiled up at the foot of a tree. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 4, sentence 6

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By-and-by the puma saw a small snake with a beautiful shining skin, lying coiled up at the foot of a tree.

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**What happens:** see, coil up · **To what, where:** small snake, foot

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:37:6
# text = By-and-by the puma saw a small snake with a beautiful shining skin, lying coiled up at the foot of a tree.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	puma	puma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	shining	shining	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	coiled	coil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past |  | a small snake |  |  |  | by the puma; with a beautiful shining skin | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer snake=Stimulus |
| 2 | **coil up** | gerund · passive |  |  |  | the foot of a tree |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: at foot=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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