---
title: By-and-by he saw a castle, and knew from what Jamila had told him th… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: By-and-by he saw a castle, and knew from what Jamila had told him that it was the Place of Clashing Swords. Who acts: prince, Jamila, castle. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 4, sentence 17

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By-and-by he saw a castle, and knew from what Jamila had told him that it was the Place of Clashing Swords.

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**Who acts:** prince, Jamila, castle · **What happens:** see, know, tell, be · **To what, where:** castle, prince, Place · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, Jamila, castle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Checked tree.** This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (`gutenberg:pg3282:279`): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:4:17
# text = By-and-by he saw a castle, and knew from what Jamila had told him that it was the Place of Clashing Swords.
1	By	by	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	_
5	by	by	ADV	RB	_	1	conj	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obl	_	_
15	Jamila	Jamila	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	iobj	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	Place	Place	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	ccomp	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	Clashing	Clashing	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	Swords	Swords	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | prince | a castle |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer castle=Stimulus |
| 2 | **know** | past | prince *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past · perfect | Jamila |  | prince |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 4 | **is a** | past | castle | the Place |  |  |  | of Clashing Swords | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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