---
title: When he got up he salaamed to it, who returned his greeting with joy… — The Brown Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When he got up he salaamed to it, who returned his greeting with joy and gratitude, and caressed him and said: “O youth, tell me true! who are you, and where are you going? Who acts: sunshine, you. A sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 4, with its dependency
---

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# The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 4, sentence 96

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When he got up he salaamed to it, who returned his greeting with joy and gratitude, and caressed him and said: “O youth, tell me true! who are you, and where are you going?

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**Who acts:** sunshine, you · **What happens:** get up, salaam, return, caress, say, tell · **To what, where:** Simurgh, greeting, sunshine · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sunshine, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3282:4:96
# text = When he got up he salaamed to it, who returned his greeting with joy and gratitude, and caressed him and said: “O youth, tell me true! who are you, and where are you going?
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	salaamed	salaam	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	greeting	greeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	gratitude	gratitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	caressed	caress	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
25	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	O	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	27	case	_	_
27	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
29	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	ccomp	_	_
30	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	iobj	_	_
31	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
33	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	29	ccomp	_	_
34	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
35	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
38	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	41	advmod	_	_
39	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
40	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
41	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get up** | past | sunshine |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **salaam** | past | sunshine |  | Simurgh |  |  |  | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to it=Recipient |
| 3 | **return** | past |  | sunshine's greeting |  |  |  | with joy and gratitude | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent greeting=Theme |
| 4 | **caress** | past | sunshine *not said here* | sunshine |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Experiencer |
| 5 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | sunshine *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  | sunshine |  |  | of youth; true *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient |
| 7 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **go** *in a quote* | present · progressive | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **greet** |  | sunshine |  |  |  |  | with joy and gratitude | nom greeting «communication transitive»: poss=agent with=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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