---
title: Patkasa had hunted all the morning without so much as spying an ordi… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Patkasa had hunted all the morning without so much as spying an ordinary blackbird. Who acts: Patkasa. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Turtle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Turtle, sentence 4

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Patkasa had hunted all the morning without so much as spying an ordinary blackbird.

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**Who acts:** Patkasa · **What happens:** hunt, spy · **To what, where:** ordinary blackbird

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Turtle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Patkasa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Checked tree.** This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (`gutenberg:pg338:855`): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:10:4
# text = Patkasa had hunted all the morning without so much as spying an ordinary blackbird.
1	Patkasa	Patkasa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	hunted	hunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	much	much	ADV	RB	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
11	spying	spy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	blackbird	blackbird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | past · perfect | Patkasa |  |  |  | morning |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **spy** | gerund | Patkasa *not said here* | a ordinary blackbird |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer blackbird=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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