---
title: Nowhere was there any sign of Patkasa or the deer. — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Nowhere was there any sign of Patkasa or the deer. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Turtle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Turtle, sentence 45

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nowhere was there any sign of Patkasa or the deer.

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**What happens:** be, sign · **To what, where:** there, Patkasa

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Turtle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:10:45
# text = Nowhere was there any sign of Patkasa or the deer.
1	Nowhere	nowhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	0	root	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	1	expl	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Patkasa	Patkasa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | there |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sign** |  |  | Patkasa or the deer |  |  |  |  | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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