---
title: One evening, across the lake from where the crying woman stood, a pa… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: One evening, across the lake from where the crying woman stood, a pair of bright black eyes peered at her through the tall reeds and wild rice. Who acts: crying woman, pair. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Toad and the Boy, sentence 44

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One evening, across the lake from where the crying woman stood, a pair of bright black eyes peered at her through the tall reeds and wild rice.

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**Who acts:** crying woman, pair · **What happens:** cry, stand, peer · **To what, where:** tall reeds

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crying woman, pair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:12:44
# text = One evening, across the lake from where the crying woman stood, a pair of bright black eyes peered at her through the tall reeds and wild rice.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	across	across	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	pair	pair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
20	peered	peer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
23	through	through	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	reeds	reed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stand** | past | the crying woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **peer** | past | a pair of bright black eyes |  |  | the tall reeds and wild rice | evening | at mother | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at she=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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