---
title: Not knowing that the syllables of a Dakota's cry are the names of lo… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Not knowing that the syllables of a Dakota's cry are the names of loved ones gone, the ugly toad mother sought to please the boy's ear with the names of valuable articles. Who acts: ugly toad mother, syllables, Dakota. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy, with its 
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Toad and the Boy, sentence 71

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not knowing that the syllables of a Dakota's cry are the names of loved ones gone, the ugly toad mother sought to please the boy's ear with the names of valuable articles.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ugly toad mother, syllables, Dakota · **What happens:** not know, be, love, go, seek, please · **To what, where:** names, loved ones, ear, valuable articles

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ugly toad mother, syllables, Dakota), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:12:71
# text = Not knowing that the syllables of a Dakota's cry are the names of loved ones gone, the ugly toad mother sought to please the boy's ear with the names of valuable articles.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	knowing	know	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	advcl	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	syllables	syllable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Dakota	Dakota	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	advcl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	loved	love	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	ugly	ugly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
21	toad	toad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	sought	seek	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	please	please	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	's	's	PART	POS	_	27	case	_	_
29	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
30	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	valuable	valuable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	articles	article	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **know** | gerund | the ugly toad mother *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the syllables of a Dakota's cry | the names |  |  |  | of loved ones | tree rules |
| 3 | **love** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **go** | participle |  | loved ones *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **seek** | past | the ugly toad mother |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **please** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the ugly toad mother *not said here* | the boy's ear |  |  |  | with the names of valuable articles | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus ear=Experiencer |
| 7 | **cry** |  | a Dakota |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 8 | **name** |  |  | valuable articles |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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